The object of this research are the images of the black population in Human Sciences books approved by the National Book Program (PNLD) notice, aimed at the Early Years. The research sources were six collections of Human Sciences present in the PNLD 2023 Guide. The objective was to analyze the racial representation of the black population, aiming at Law no. 10,639/2003, which makes the History of Africa and Afro-Brazilian Education mandatory in education. Among the theorists are Berth (2019), Choppin (2004), Hall (2009), Quijano (2000) and Silva (2014). The methodology used was the investigation of official documents, such as the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC, 2018), the PNLD 2023 Notice and Guide and the documentary analysis of the selected books. The results showed that after twenty years of the Law, textbooks present Africa in a folkloric way under a colonial bias.