This article intends to think about Michel Foucault's archaeological method, exposed in “The Order of Things” and “The Archeology of Knowledge”, and how it is closely related to Literature, being catalyzed by Borges' works. In order to do so, it will first analyze some epistemological and methodological marks of the same, such as structuralism and hermeneutics, in order to resume Borges's passages in Foucault's work and to establish the possible reverberations and impacts of the Argentine author in the archaeological method - thus marking the importance of the aesthetic-literary operators in the thinking of Michel Foucault.