Peso ao nascer por idade gestacional em uma coorte de nascidos vivos em Rio Branco, Acre
Palavras-chave:
Peso ao nascer, Recém-Nascido de Baixo Peso, Idade GestacionalResumo
O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar o peso ao nascer por idade gestacional em uma coorte de nascidos vivos em Rio Branco, Acre, e analisar os fatores associados ao nascimento de pequenos para a idade gestacional e grandes para a idade gestacional. Para isto, realizou-se estudo transversal de base populacional, com 1177 recém-nascidos (RN) pertencentes a uma coorte materno-infantil em Rio Branco, capital do Estado Acre, Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu nas duas únicas maternidades da capital. A idade gestacional ao nascer foi calculada subtraindo da data de nascimento da criança a data da última menstruação presente na Declaração de Nascido Vivo e confirmada no cartão da gestante. Os RN com peso abaixo do percentil 10 foram classificados como pequenos para a idade gestacional (PIG), aqueles entre os percentis 10 e 90 como adequados para a idade gestacional (AIG) e aqueles com peso superior ao percentil 90 como grandes para a idade gestacional (GIG). Os fatores associados ao nascimento de PIG e GIG foram identificados por meio de regressão logística múltipla. A prevalência de AIG foi 77,0% (IC 95%: 74,6% a 79,4%), PIG 9,2% (IC 95%: 7,7% a 10,8%) e GIG 13,8% (IC 95%: 11,9% a 15,9%). Foram fatores associados ao nascimento de pequenos para idade gestacional: o fumo passivo na gestação, número de filhos e menor escolaridade materna; e foram associados ao nascimento de grandes para idade gestacional, a idade materna igual ou maior a 25 anos, diabetes gestacional.
Referências
1. WHO. Promoting optimal fetal development: report of a technical consultation. 2006;
2. Kramer MS. Determinants of low birth weight: methodological assessment and meta-analysis. Bull World Health Organ. 1987;65(5):663–737.
3. Black RE. Global prevalence of small for gestational age births. In: Low-Birthweight Baby: Born Too Soon or Too Small. Karger Publishers; 2015. p. 1–7.
4. Fenton TR, Kim JH. A systematic review and meta-analysis to revise the Fenton growth chart for preterm infants. BMC Pediatr. 2013;13(1):59.
5. Villar J, Papageorghiou AT, Pang R, Ohuma EO, Ismail LC, Barros FC, Lambert A, Carvalho M, Jaffer YA, Bertino E. The likeness of fetal growth and newborn size across non-isolated populations in the INTERGROWTH-21 st Project: the Fetal Growth Longitudinal Study and Newborn Cross-Sectional Study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2014;2(10):781–792.
6. Iughetti L, Lucaccioni L, Ferrari F. Challenges in the development and growth of small for gestational age newborns. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab [Internet]. 2017 Jul 4 [cited 2017 Dec 20];12(4):253–60. Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17446651.2017.1338137
7. Villar J, Ismail LC, Victora CG, Ohuma EO, Bertino E, Altman DG, Lambert A, Papageorghiou AT, Carvalho M, Jaffer YA. International standards for newborn weight, length, and head circumference by gestational age and sex: the Newborn Cross-Sectional Study of the INTERGROWTH-21 st Project. The Lancet. 2014;384(9946):857–868.
8. Agbozo F, Abubakari A, Der J, Jahn A. Prevalence of low birth weight, macrosomia and stillbirth and their relationship to associated maternal risk factors in Hohoe Municipality, Ghana. Midwifery [Internet]. 2016 Sep [cited 2017 Dec 20];40:200–6. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0266613816301061
9. Bjørstad AR, Irgens-Hansen K, Daltveit AK, Irgens LM. Macrosomia: mode of delivery and pregnancy outcome. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand [Internet]. 2010 May [cited 2017 Dec 20];89(5):664–9. Available from: http://doi.wiley.com/10.3109/00016341003686099
10. Chen Q, Wei J, Tong M, Yu L, Lee AC, Gao YF, Zhao M. Associations between body mass index and maternal weight gain on the delivery of LGA infants in Chinese women with gestational diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Complications [Internet]. 2015 Nov [cited 2017 Dec 20];29(8):1037–41. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1056872715003633
11. Kc K, Shakya S, Zhang H. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Macrosomia: A Literature Review. Ann Nutr Metab [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2017 Dec 21];66(2):14–20. Available from: https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/371628
12. Kiani F, Saei Ghare Naz M, Sayehmiri F, Sayehmiri K, Zali H. The Risk Factors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study. Int J Womens Health Reprod Sci [Internet]. 2017 Mar 18 [cited 2017 Dec 20];5(4):253–63. Available from: http://ijwhr.net/text.php?id=226
13. Koyanagi A, Zhang J, Dagvadorj A, Hirayama F, Shibuya K, Souza JP, Gülmezoglu AM. Macrosomia in 23 developing countries: an analysis of a multicountry, facility-based, cross-sectional survey. The Lancet [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2017 Dec 21];381(9865):476–83. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61605-5
14. Ramalho AA, Martins FA, Lima TA dos S, Andrade AM de, Koifman RJ. Fatores associados à amamentação na primeira hora de vida em Rio Branco, Acre. DEMETRA Aliment Nutr Saúde. 2019 Nov;14.
15. Villar J, Giuliani F, Fenton TR, Ohuma EO, Ismail LC, Kennedy SH. INTERGROWTH-21st very preterm size at birth reference charts. The Lancet [Internet]. 2016 Feb [cited 2017 Dec 20];387(10021):844–5. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673616003846
16. Araujo DMR. Fatores associados ao estado nutricional gestacional e desfechos perinatais em usuárias do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), em dois municípios do estado do Rio de Janeiro (RJ). 2012.
17. Raspantini PR. Idade gestacional, peso ao nascer e prevalência de Pequenos para Idade Gestacional no Município de São Paulo. Universidade de São Paulo; 2016.
18. Moraes AB de, Zanini RR, Riboldi J, Giugliani ERJ. Risk factors for low birth weight in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil: classical and multilevel analysis. Cad Saude Publica. 2012;28(12):2293–2305.
19. Urquia ML, Frank JW, Alazraqui M, Guevel C, Spinelli HG. Contrasting socioeconomic gradients in small for gestational age and preterm birth in Argentina, 2003–2007. Int J Public Health [Internet]. 2013 Aug [cited 2017 Dec 20];58(4):529–36. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00038-012-0440-3
20. Heaman M, Kingston D, Chalmers B, Sauve R, Lee L, Young D. Risk Factors for Preterm Birth and Small-for-gestational-age Births among Canadian Women: Risk factors for PTB and SGA births. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol [Internet]. 2013 Jan [cited 2017 Dec 20];27(1):54–61. Available from: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/ppe.12016
21. Muhihi A, Sudfeld CR, Smith ER, Noor RA, Mshamu S, Briegleb C, Bakari M, Masanja H, Fawzi W, Chan GJ-Y. Risk factors for small-for-gestational-age and preterm births among 19,269 Tanzanian newborns. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth [Internet]. 2016 Dec [cited 2017 Dec 20];16(1). Available from: http://bmcpregnancychildbirth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12884-016-0900-5
22. Räisänen S, Kramer MR, Gissler M, Saari J, Heinonen S. Unemployment at municipality level is associated with an increased risk of small for gestational age births-a multilevel analysis of all singleton births during 2005-2010 in Finland. Int J Equity Health. 2014;13(1):95.
23. Ruiz M, Goldblatt P, Morrison J, Kukla L, Švancara J, Riitta-Järvelin M, Taanila A, Saurel-Cubizolles M-J, Lioret S, Bakoula C. Mother’s education and the risk of preterm and small for gestational age birth: a DRIVERS meta-analysis of 12 European cohorts. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2015;jech–2014.
24. Pedraza DF. BAIXO PESO AO NASCER NO BRASIL: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DE ESTUDOS BASEADOS NO SISTEMA DE INFORMAÇÕES SOBRE NASCIDOS VIVOS. Rev Bras Ciênc Saúde - USCS [Internet]. 2014 Nov 28 [cited 2017 Dec 21];12(41). Available from: http://seer.uscs.edu.br/index.php/revista_ciencias_saude/article/view/2237
25. Levy D, Jiang M, Szklo A, de Almeida LM, Autran M, Bloch M. Smoking and Adverse Maternal and Child Health Outcomes in Brazil. Nicotine Tob Res [Internet]. 2013 Nov 1 [cited 2017 Dec 20];15(11):1797–804. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/ntr/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/ntr/ntt073
26. Fantuzzi G, Vaccaro V, Aggazzotti G, Righi E, Kanitz S, Barbone F, Sansebastiano G, Battaglia MA, Leoni V, Fabiani L, Triassi M, Sciacca S, Facchinetti F. Exposure to active and passive smoking during pregnancy and severe small for gestational age at term. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med [Internet]. 2008 Jan [cited 2017 Dec 20];21(9):643–7. Available from: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14767050802203744
27. Nakamura MU, Alexandre SM, Santos JFK dos, Souza E de, Sass N, Beck APA, Trayna E, Andrade CM de A, Barroso T, Kulay Júnior L. Obstetric and perinatal effects of active and/or passive smoking during pregnancy. Sao Paulo Med J. 2004;122(3):94–98.
28. Pereira PP da S. Consumo materno de cigarro e bebidas alcóolicas durante a gestação e o baixo peso ao nascer. 2017;
29. Sclowitz IKT, Santos IS, Domingues MR, Matijasevich A, Barros AJ. Maternal smoking in successive pregnancies and recurrence of low birthweight: the 2004 Pelotas birth cohort study, Brazil. Cad Saude Publica. 2013;29(1):123–130.
30. Lindbohm M-L, Sallmén M, Taskinen H. Effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke on reproductive health. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2002;84–96.
31. Pereira PP da S, Da Mata FAF, Figueiredo ACG, de Andrade KRC, Pereira MG. Maternal Active Smoking During Pregnancy and Low Birth Weight in the Americas: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Nicotine Tob Res [Internet]. 2017 May [cited 2017 Dec 20];19(5):497–505. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/ntr/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/ntr/ntw228
32. RODRIGUEZ-THOMPSON D. Cigarette smoking and pregnancy. UpToDate [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2017 Dec 13]; Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/cigarette-smoking-impact-on-pregnancy-and-the-neonate
33. Tuthill DP, Stewart JH, Coles EC, Andrews J, Cartlidge PHT. Maternal cigarette smoking and pregnancy outcome. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 1999;13:245–253.
34. Liu T, Chen W-Q, He Y-H, Ding P, Ling W-H. [A meta-analysis on the association between maternal passive smoking during pregnancy and small-for-gestational-age infants]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi Zhonghua Liuxingbingxue Zazhi. 2009 Jan;30(1):68–72.
35. Xiao D, Huang X, Yang S, Zhang L. Direct Effects of Nicotine on Contractility of the Uterine Artery in Pregnancy. J Pharmacol Exp Ther [Internet]. 2007 Jul 1 [cited 2017 Dec 20];322(1):180–5. Available from: http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1124/jpet.107.119354
36. Larsen LG, Clausen HV, Jønsson L. Stereologic examination of placentas from mothers who smoke during pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol [Internet]. 2002 Mar [cited 2017 Dec 20];186(3):531–7. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002937802998121
37. Leopércio W, Gigliotti A. Tabagismo e suas peculiaridades durante a gestação: uma revisão crítica. J Bras Pneumol. 2004;30(2):176–85.
38. Melve KK, Skjaerven R. Birthweight and perinatal mortality: paradoxes, social class, and sibling dependencies. Int J Epidemiol [Internet]. 2003 Aug [cited 2017 Dec 21];32(4):625–32. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/ije/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/ije/dyg163
39. Amaral AR, Silva JC, Ferreira BDS, E Silva MR, Bertini AM. Impacto do diabetes gestacional nos desfechos neonatais: uma coorte retrospectiva. Sci Medica [Internet]. 2015 Apr 28 [cited 2017 Dec 21];25(1):19272. Available from: http://revistaseletronicas.pucrs.br/ojs/index.php/scientiamedica/article/view/19272
40. Catalano PM, McIntyre HD, Cruickshank JK, McCance DR, Dyer AR, Metzger BE, Lowe LP, Trimble ER, Coustan DR, Hadden DR, Persson B, Hod M, Oats JJN, for the HAPO Study Cooperative Research Group. The Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Study: Associations of GDM and obesity with pregnancy outcomes. Diabetes Care [Internet]. 2012 Apr 1 [cited 2017 Dec 21];35(4):780–6. Available from: http://care.diabetesjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.2337/dc11-1790
41. Ehrenberg HM, Mercer BM, Catalano PM. The influence of obesity and diabetes on the prevalence of macrosomia. Am J Obstet Gynecol [Internet]. 2004 Sep [cited 2017 Dec 21];191(3):964–8. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002937804005368
42. HAPO Study Cooperative Research Group. Hyperglycaemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) Study: associations with maternal body mass index: HAPO - BMI and perinatal outcomes. BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol [Internet]. 2010 Apr [cited 2017 Dec 21];117(5):575–84. Available from: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2009.02486.x
43. Wahabi HA, Fayed AA, Alzeidan RA, Mandil AA. The independent effects of maternal obesity and gestational diabetes on the pregnancy outcomes. BMC Endocr Disord. 2014;14(1):47.
44. Catalano PM, Hauguel-De Mouzon S. Is it time to revisit the Pedersen hypothesis in the face of the obesity epidemic? Am J Obstet Gynecol [Internet]. 2011 Jun [cited 2017 Dec 21];204(6):479–87. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002937810024002
2. Kramer MS. Determinants of low birth weight: methodological assessment and meta-analysis. Bull World Health Organ. 1987;65(5):663–737.
3. Black RE. Global prevalence of small for gestational age births. In: Low-Birthweight Baby: Born Too Soon or Too Small. Karger Publishers; 2015. p. 1–7.
4. Fenton TR, Kim JH. A systematic review and meta-analysis to revise the Fenton growth chart for preterm infants. BMC Pediatr. 2013;13(1):59.
5. Villar J, Papageorghiou AT, Pang R, Ohuma EO, Ismail LC, Barros FC, Lambert A, Carvalho M, Jaffer YA, Bertino E. The likeness of fetal growth and newborn size across non-isolated populations in the INTERGROWTH-21 st Project: the Fetal Growth Longitudinal Study and Newborn Cross-Sectional Study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2014;2(10):781–792.
6. Iughetti L, Lucaccioni L, Ferrari F. Challenges in the development and growth of small for gestational age newborns. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab [Internet]. 2017 Jul 4 [cited 2017 Dec 20];12(4):253–60. Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17446651.2017.1338137
7. Villar J, Ismail LC, Victora CG, Ohuma EO, Bertino E, Altman DG, Lambert A, Papageorghiou AT, Carvalho M, Jaffer YA. International standards for newborn weight, length, and head circumference by gestational age and sex: the Newborn Cross-Sectional Study of the INTERGROWTH-21 st Project. The Lancet. 2014;384(9946):857–868.
8. Agbozo F, Abubakari A, Der J, Jahn A. Prevalence of low birth weight, macrosomia and stillbirth and their relationship to associated maternal risk factors in Hohoe Municipality, Ghana. Midwifery [Internet]. 2016 Sep [cited 2017 Dec 20];40:200–6. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0266613816301061
9. Bjørstad AR, Irgens-Hansen K, Daltveit AK, Irgens LM. Macrosomia: mode of delivery and pregnancy outcome. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand [Internet]. 2010 May [cited 2017 Dec 20];89(5):664–9. Available from: http://doi.wiley.com/10.3109/00016341003686099
10. Chen Q, Wei J, Tong M, Yu L, Lee AC, Gao YF, Zhao M. Associations between body mass index and maternal weight gain on the delivery of LGA infants in Chinese women with gestational diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Complications [Internet]. 2015 Nov [cited 2017 Dec 20];29(8):1037–41. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1056872715003633
11. Kc K, Shakya S, Zhang H. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Macrosomia: A Literature Review. Ann Nutr Metab [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2017 Dec 21];66(2):14–20. Available from: https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/371628
12. Kiani F, Saei Ghare Naz M, Sayehmiri F, Sayehmiri K, Zali H. The Risk Factors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study. Int J Womens Health Reprod Sci [Internet]. 2017 Mar 18 [cited 2017 Dec 20];5(4):253–63. Available from: http://ijwhr.net/text.php?id=226
13. Koyanagi A, Zhang J, Dagvadorj A, Hirayama F, Shibuya K, Souza JP, Gülmezoglu AM. Macrosomia in 23 developing countries: an analysis of a multicountry, facility-based, cross-sectional survey. The Lancet [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2017 Dec 21];381(9865):476–83. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61605-5
14. Ramalho AA, Martins FA, Lima TA dos S, Andrade AM de, Koifman RJ. Fatores associados à amamentação na primeira hora de vida em Rio Branco, Acre. DEMETRA Aliment Nutr Saúde. 2019 Nov;14.
15. Villar J, Giuliani F, Fenton TR, Ohuma EO, Ismail LC, Kennedy SH. INTERGROWTH-21st very preterm size at birth reference charts. The Lancet [Internet]. 2016 Feb [cited 2017 Dec 20];387(10021):844–5. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673616003846
16. Araujo DMR. Fatores associados ao estado nutricional gestacional e desfechos perinatais em usuárias do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), em dois municípios do estado do Rio de Janeiro (RJ). 2012.
17. Raspantini PR. Idade gestacional, peso ao nascer e prevalência de Pequenos para Idade Gestacional no Município de São Paulo. Universidade de São Paulo; 2016.
18. Moraes AB de, Zanini RR, Riboldi J, Giugliani ERJ. Risk factors for low birth weight in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil: classical and multilevel analysis. Cad Saude Publica. 2012;28(12):2293–2305.
19. Urquia ML, Frank JW, Alazraqui M, Guevel C, Spinelli HG. Contrasting socioeconomic gradients in small for gestational age and preterm birth in Argentina, 2003–2007. Int J Public Health [Internet]. 2013 Aug [cited 2017 Dec 20];58(4):529–36. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00038-012-0440-3
20. Heaman M, Kingston D, Chalmers B, Sauve R, Lee L, Young D. Risk Factors for Preterm Birth and Small-for-gestational-age Births among Canadian Women: Risk factors for PTB and SGA births. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol [Internet]. 2013 Jan [cited 2017 Dec 20];27(1):54–61. Available from: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/ppe.12016
21. Muhihi A, Sudfeld CR, Smith ER, Noor RA, Mshamu S, Briegleb C, Bakari M, Masanja H, Fawzi W, Chan GJ-Y. Risk factors for small-for-gestational-age and preterm births among 19,269 Tanzanian newborns. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth [Internet]. 2016 Dec [cited 2017 Dec 20];16(1). Available from: http://bmcpregnancychildbirth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12884-016-0900-5
22. Räisänen S, Kramer MR, Gissler M, Saari J, Heinonen S. Unemployment at municipality level is associated with an increased risk of small for gestational age births-a multilevel analysis of all singleton births during 2005-2010 in Finland. Int J Equity Health. 2014;13(1):95.
23. Ruiz M, Goldblatt P, Morrison J, Kukla L, Švancara J, Riitta-Järvelin M, Taanila A, Saurel-Cubizolles M-J, Lioret S, Bakoula C. Mother’s education and the risk of preterm and small for gestational age birth: a DRIVERS meta-analysis of 12 European cohorts. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2015;jech–2014.
24. Pedraza DF. BAIXO PESO AO NASCER NO BRASIL: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DE ESTUDOS BASEADOS NO SISTEMA DE INFORMAÇÕES SOBRE NASCIDOS VIVOS. Rev Bras Ciênc Saúde - USCS [Internet]. 2014 Nov 28 [cited 2017 Dec 21];12(41). Available from: http://seer.uscs.edu.br/index.php/revista_ciencias_saude/article/view/2237
25. Levy D, Jiang M, Szklo A, de Almeida LM, Autran M, Bloch M. Smoking and Adverse Maternal and Child Health Outcomes in Brazil. Nicotine Tob Res [Internet]. 2013 Nov 1 [cited 2017 Dec 20];15(11):1797–804. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/ntr/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/ntr/ntt073
26. Fantuzzi G, Vaccaro V, Aggazzotti G, Righi E, Kanitz S, Barbone F, Sansebastiano G, Battaglia MA, Leoni V, Fabiani L, Triassi M, Sciacca S, Facchinetti F. Exposure to active and passive smoking during pregnancy and severe small for gestational age at term. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med [Internet]. 2008 Jan [cited 2017 Dec 20];21(9):643–7. Available from: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14767050802203744
27. Nakamura MU, Alexandre SM, Santos JFK dos, Souza E de, Sass N, Beck APA, Trayna E, Andrade CM de A, Barroso T, Kulay Júnior L. Obstetric and perinatal effects of active and/or passive smoking during pregnancy. Sao Paulo Med J. 2004;122(3):94–98.
28. Pereira PP da S. Consumo materno de cigarro e bebidas alcóolicas durante a gestação e o baixo peso ao nascer. 2017;
29. Sclowitz IKT, Santos IS, Domingues MR, Matijasevich A, Barros AJ. Maternal smoking in successive pregnancies and recurrence of low birthweight: the 2004 Pelotas birth cohort study, Brazil. Cad Saude Publica. 2013;29(1):123–130.
30. Lindbohm M-L, Sallmén M, Taskinen H. Effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke on reproductive health. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2002;84–96.
31. Pereira PP da S, Da Mata FAF, Figueiredo ACG, de Andrade KRC, Pereira MG. Maternal Active Smoking During Pregnancy and Low Birth Weight in the Americas: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Nicotine Tob Res [Internet]. 2017 May [cited 2017 Dec 20];19(5):497–505. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/ntr/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/ntr/ntw228
32. RODRIGUEZ-THOMPSON D. Cigarette smoking and pregnancy. UpToDate [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2017 Dec 13]; Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/cigarette-smoking-impact-on-pregnancy-and-the-neonate
33. Tuthill DP, Stewart JH, Coles EC, Andrews J, Cartlidge PHT. Maternal cigarette smoking and pregnancy outcome. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 1999;13:245–253.
34. Liu T, Chen W-Q, He Y-H, Ding P, Ling W-H. [A meta-analysis on the association between maternal passive smoking during pregnancy and small-for-gestational-age infants]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi Zhonghua Liuxingbingxue Zazhi. 2009 Jan;30(1):68–72.
35. Xiao D, Huang X, Yang S, Zhang L. Direct Effects of Nicotine on Contractility of the Uterine Artery in Pregnancy. J Pharmacol Exp Ther [Internet]. 2007 Jul 1 [cited 2017 Dec 20];322(1):180–5. Available from: http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1124/jpet.107.119354
36. Larsen LG, Clausen HV, Jønsson L. Stereologic examination of placentas from mothers who smoke during pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol [Internet]. 2002 Mar [cited 2017 Dec 20];186(3):531–7. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002937802998121
37. Leopércio W, Gigliotti A. Tabagismo e suas peculiaridades durante a gestação: uma revisão crítica. J Bras Pneumol. 2004;30(2):176–85.
38. Melve KK, Skjaerven R. Birthweight and perinatal mortality: paradoxes, social class, and sibling dependencies. Int J Epidemiol [Internet]. 2003 Aug [cited 2017 Dec 21];32(4):625–32. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/ije/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/ije/dyg163
39. Amaral AR, Silva JC, Ferreira BDS, E Silva MR, Bertini AM. Impacto do diabetes gestacional nos desfechos neonatais: uma coorte retrospectiva. Sci Medica [Internet]. 2015 Apr 28 [cited 2017 Dec 21];25(1):19272. Available from: http://revistaseletronicas.pucrs.br/ojs/index.php/scientiamedica/article/view/19272
40. Catalano PM, McIntyre HD, Cruickshank JK, McCance DR, Dyer AR, Metzger BE, Lowe LP, Trimble ER, Coustan DR, Hadden DR, Persson B, Hod M, Oats JJN, for the HAPO Study Cooperative Research Group. The Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Study: Associations of GDM and obesity with pregnancy outcomes. Diabetes Care [Internet]. 2012 Apr 1 [cited 2017 Dec 21];35(4):780–6. Available from: http://care.diabetesjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.2337/dc11-1790
41. Ehrenberg HM, Mercer BM, Catalano PM. The influence of obesity and diabetes on the prevalence of macrosomia. Am J Obstet Gynecol [Internet]. 2004 Sep [cited 2017 Dec 21];191(3):964–8. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002937804005368
42. HAPO Study Cooperative Research Group. Hyperglycaemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) Study: associations with maternal body mass index: HAPO - BMI and perinatal outcomes. BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol [Internet]. 2010 Apr [cited 2017 Dec 21];117(5):575–84. Available from: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2009.02486.x
43. Wahabi HA, Fayed AA, Alzeidan RA, Mandil AA. The independent effects of maternal obesity and gestational diabetes on the pregnancy outcomes. BMC Endocr Disord. 2014;14(1):47.
44. Catalano PM, Hauguel-De Mouzon S. Is it time to revisit the Pedersen hypothesis in the face of the obesity epidemic? Am J Obstet Gynecol [Internet]. 2011 Jun [cited 2017 Dec 21];204(6):479–87. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002937810024002
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Publicado
2020-02-17
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Ramalho, A. A., Andrade Martins, F. ., Teles Cameli Rodrigues, B., Melo de Aguiar, D., Alves dos Santos Lima, T., Moreira de Andrade, A., & Jorge Koifman, R. (2020). Peso ao nascer por idade gestacional em uma coorte de nascidos vivos em Rio Branco, Acre. South American Journal of Basic Education, Technical and Technological, 7(1), 525–540. Recuperado de https://periodicos.ufac.br/index.php/SAJEBTT/article/view/3138
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Ciências da Saúde
